Eons ago, in the land of Alagaësia, an order called the Dragon Riders was created to oversee the countries and bring peace to the world. However, a former Dragon Rider, Galbatorix, betrayed and destroyed the Dragon Riders, killing them all and the dragons alike. Galbatorix now rules over Alagaësia with an iron fist while rebels called the Varden oppose him.

Arya, princess of the elf kingdom, Ellesméra, flees with a strange stone while being pursued by a dark sorcerer, Durza working for Galbatorix. Durza corners Arya, but she uses her magic to teleport the stone away moments before she is captured.

Eragon, a poor farm boy living in the country with his uncle, Garrow, and cousin, Roran, is hunting when he witnesses the stone appearing. Hoping to trade it for food, Eragon brings the stone home but realizes it is actually an egg when a blue dragon hatches from it. As he touches the dragon, a magical mark appears on his palm. Several individuals sense the egg hatching, including Arya, an old storyteller, Brom, and Galbatorix himself.

Eragon shelters and feeds the dragon, and he teaches her to fly as she grows to full size. She telepathically speaks to him and calls herself Saphira. When they are out, Durza's monstrous minions, the Ra'zac, arrive at the village to look for the dragon and the rider, killing Garrow. Blaming Saphira for his uncle's death, Eragon sends her away. Brom shows up, takes Eragon away from the village, warns him of Saphira's importance, and urges him to call her back. Eragon calls Saphira, and she comes back, forgiving him for what he previously said.

Brom leads the group to the Varden. On the way, Brom tells Eragon about dragon riders, Galbatorix, Durza, and the Ra'zac. He also trains Eragon in sword-fighting. In a small village, Eragon meets a fortune-telling witch named Angela, who tells him of Arya and a dangerous path toward future battles ahead. When Galbatorix's servants, the Urgals, attack the duo. Eragon attempts to mimic Brom after earlier witnessing him create fire with an incantation and inadvertently wipes out the whole group with a blast of blue fire before falling unconscious from the strain. Brom teaches Eragon to control his magic and bond his powers with Saphira. After flying for the first time, Eragon and Saphira help Brom kill the Ra'zac, and Brom reveals he was once a rider, his dragon killed by Morzan, a rogue rider who allied with Galbatorix.

Durza sets a trap for Eragon, using Arya as bait. Hearing her calls, Eragon sets out to rescue her but is ambushed by Durza. Eragon is outmatched, and Brom arrives to help but is mortally wounded. The trio escapes, and Brom dies while flying on Saphira. Eragon takes possession of Brom's sword, Zar'roc, which previously belonged to Morzan.

Eragon confronts a hooded figure tailing the group. The figure, a man named Murtagh, proceeds to guide them to the Varden. Once there, Murtagh is imprisoned by the Varden after it is revealed he is Morzan's son. Durza leads Galbatorix's forces and attacks the rebels' base, and Eragon, Saphira, and Arya join the battle. Murtagh frees himself during the battle and assists the Varden…

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• Ed Speleers as Eragon, a farmboy who found a mysterious stone and became a dragon rider
• Jeremy Irons as Brom, an elderly vagrant who was once a dragon rider
• Sienna Guillory as Arya, the elven princess of Ellesméra who stole the dragon stone from Galbatorix
• Robert Carlyle as Durza, a powerful shade leading Galbatorix's army
• Djimon Hounsou as Ajihad, resistance leader of the Varden
• Garrett Hedlund as Murtagh, a roguish archer who was the son of the traitor, Morzan
• Joss Stone as Angela, a witch who reads Eragon's fortune
• John Malkovich as Galbatorix, the tyrannical king of Alagaësia and the traitor to the dragon riders
• Rachel Weisz as Saphira, Eragon's best friend and dragon
• Alun Armstrong as Garrow, Eragon's uncle
• Chris Egan as Roran, Eragon's cousin
• Gary Lewis as Hrothgar
• Richard Rifkin as Horst
• Steve Speirs as Sloan
• Caroline Chikezie as Nasuada
• Matt Devere as Tall Soldier

The video game based on the motion picture was developed by Stormfront Studios and Amaze Entertainment and was released in November 2006.
Eragon was released DVD and Blu-ray in the US on March 20, 2007. It debuted at number 1 on the national DVD sales charts and at number 3 on the DVD rental charts. It grossed more than US$35.2 million in rentals. It was released on DVD in Europe on April 16, 2007 and in Australia on April 18, 2007.